One of the greatest things about living in Florida is the way it lives up to its state nickname, "The Sunshine State." With an average of 230 days of sunshine per year, it makes sense why many choose Florida as their vacation destination. For those of us who make a living in the state, however, we understand how the sun here means business. Since we are closer to the equator than any other state, our sunshine is stronger, and consequently, can have a greater impact on the health of those around us. Therefore, we want to address the signs of heat stress, and how to both work and play safely.

First Aid Help

If a person near you is showing signs of heat stress or heat exhaustion, have them drink water or a sports drink with electrolytes. Apply a cool compress to their skin. Move them to a cool, shaded place, such as under a tree or to a car with running air conditioning. Remove any bulky clothing or PPE to allow for air flow. Continue cooling the body until their temperature is below 100 degrees Fahrenheit. If these First Aid actions do not relieve the symptoms, seek emergency help.

Heat Stroke

Heat stroke symptoms include hot dry skin or profuse sweating, confusion or disorientation, slurred speech, headaches, seizures or convulsions, and very high body temperatures of over 104 degrees Fahrenheit. Heat stroke can be fatal and requires immediate medical attention at onset of symptoms. If a person near you is showing signs of heat stroke, call 911 immediately. Move the person to a cool, shaded place. Apply cool compresses and wet the person's clothing with water, fanning them as needed. Unlike with heat stress, do not give a person with heat stroke anything to drink - it could pose as a choking hazard in their altered mental state.

Staying Hydrated

It is important to stay hydrated throughout the day, especially when the day is spent outside. Good hydration improves one's concentration, mood, memory, flow of oxygen, and reduces headaches and stress. Drinking water also helps prevent muscle cramping. In contrast, dehydration increases stress hormones, such as cortisol, and can reduce one's ability to focus, recall information, and vision. Dehydration can also lead to kidney stones, urinary tract infections, high blood pressure, and stroke. The general recommendation is to drink eight 8-oz glasses of water per day, or more specifically, one ounce of water per pound of body weight.